Osteoarthritis
Description
Osteoarthritis is a common joint condition that happens when the cartilage that cushions your joints wears down over time. This can cause your bones to rub together, leading to pain, stiffness, and a reduced range of motion, especially after activity or after periods of rest. It most often affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine, as well as the hands. Symptoms usually develop gradually and can vary from person to person. If you notice persistent joint pain or stiffness, consult a qualified healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and guidance on how to manage the condition in daily life.
Common Symptoms
• Joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
• Short-lived morning stiffness after waking (usually under 30 minutes)
• Swelling or tenderness around the joint
• Reduced range of motion or flexibility in the affected joint
• A grating, crackling, or grinding sensation (crepitus) with movement
• Tenderness when the joint is touched
• A feeling of instability or the joint giving way
• Hard lumps or enlargements around the joint (bone spurs) in some cases
If you have symptoms like these, consult a qualified healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and guidance.
Causes
- Age and wear over time can increase the risk of osteoarthritis.
- Prior joint injuries or surgeries raise the likelihood of developing OA.
- Obesity and excess body weight add stress to weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips.
- Repetitive joint use, high-impact activities, or certain occupations may contribute.
- Genetics, family history, and joint alignment or congenital factors can influence risk.
- If you have concerns about OA, consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized guidance.
Treatment Options
Osteoarthritis treatment focuses on reducing pain and maintaining joint function over time.
Lifestyle approaches include a healthy weight, regular low?impact activity, strengthening the surrounding muscles, and protecting joints during daily tasks.
Medications may include acetaminophen, NSAIDs (as advised by a clinician), and topical agents; corticosteroid joint injections may be used for flares under medical supervision.
Rehabilitation and devices, such as physical or occupational therapy, braces or assistive devices, and heat or cold therapy, help improve mobility and function.
For some people, procedural options or surgical interventions like joint replacement may be considered after evaluation. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for a plan tailored to you.