Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Description

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a long?term autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy parts of the body. It can affect many organs and tissues, such as the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood cells. Symptoms vary widely and may include fatigue, joint pain or swelling, fever, a facial rash (often across the cheeks and nose), and mouth ulcers. The condition often comes and goes in flares, with times of more symptoms and times of remission or lower activity. If you have concerns or notice possible symptoms, please consult a qualified healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance.

Common Symptoms

- Fatigue or extreme tiredness
- Joint pain, stiffness, or swelling (arthritis)
- Skin rashes, especially a butterfly-shaped rash on the cheeks and nose
- Photosensitivity (rash or sunburn after sun exposure)
- Fever
- Mouth or nose ulcers
- Hair loss or thinning
- If you have these symptoms or are concerned, consult a qualified healthcare professional

Causes

Genetic predisposition, including family history and certain immune-related genes, can raise lupus risk.
It is more common in people assigned female at birth, especially during reproductive years, suggesting hormonal influence.
Ethnicity matters—risk is higher in African, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American populations.
Environmental triggers like sun exposure (UV), infections, certain medications, and smoking may contribute.
Immune system dysregulation with autoantibody production is involved; if you're concerned, discuss with a qualified healthcare professional.

Treatment Options

Management of systemic lupus erythematosus typically combines lifestyle strategies with medications and, in some cases, procedures.
Lifestyle aims include sun protection, regular exercise, adequate sleep, stress management, and staying up to date with vaccines.
Medications commonly used to control activity include anti-inflammatory drugs for pain, antimalarials, and corticosteroids, with immunosuppressants for organ involvement.
Biologic therapies may be considered for some patients, with treatment tailored to organs affected and disease activity.
In severe cases involving kidneys or other organs, procedures such as plasmapheresis or dialysis may be used; always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized guidance.