Acne Vulgaris
Description
Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that involves the oil glands and hair follicles. It can cause pimples, whiteheads, blackheads, and red, inflamed bumps on the face, chest, and back. It often starts in adolescence but can affect people at other ages as well. Hormonal changes, bacteria, inflammation, and genetics can all play a role, along with skin care and lifestyle factors. If acne is bothering you or affecting your well-being, talk with a qualified healthcare professional for a personal evaluation.
Common Symptoms
• Comedones: open (blackheads) or closed (whiteheads) bumps
• Papules: small red, raised bumps
• Pustules: pus-filled lesions
• Inflammation and redness around affected areas
• Oily or shiny skin in the affected zones
• Tenderness or pain in some lesions
• Occasional swelling of nearby skin
• Possible scarring or dark spots after healing
• If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional
Causes
- Hormonal changes (puberty, menstrual cycle) can increase oil production in the skin.
- Genetics and family history can predispose someone to acne.
- Excess oil, dead skin cells that clog pores, and bacteria on the skin (such as Cutibacterium acnes) contribute to inflammation.
- Certain medications, cosmetics, or friction from helmets, masks, or tight clothing can worsen acne.
- If you’re concerned about acne, consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized advice.
Treatment Options
Acne vulgaris is usually managed with a mix of lifestyle factors, medications, and sometimes procedures.
Lifestyle and skincare: gentle cleansing, non-comedogenic products, avoiding picking or aggressive scrubs, sun protection, and a balanced diet as advised.
Medications include topical options such as retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and salicylic acid; topical antibiotics may be used, with systemic options for moderate to severe cases.
Systemic options can include oral antibiotics, hormonal therapies for some individuals, and isotretinoin for severe or persistent acne.
Procedures may involve comedone extraction, intralesional corticosteroid injections for inflamed nodules, and dermatologist-performed procedures like chemical peels or light/laser therapies.
For a safe, personalized plan and monitoring, consult a qualified healthcare professional.