Malaria

Description

Malaria is a disease caused by parasites that are spread to people through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. After entering the body, these parasites multiply in the liver and then attack red blood cells, which can cause a range of symptoms. Common signs include fever, chills, sweating, headaches, muscle pains, and fatigue, and some people also experience nausea or diarrhea. Malaria can be severe or life-threatening, especially in young children and pregnant people, if not promptly evaluated and managed. If you live in or travel to areas where malaria is common, talk with a healthcare professional about prevention and what to do if symptoms develop, and seek medical care promptly if symptoms appear.

Common Symptoms

Fever
Chills
Sweats
Headache
Nausea and vomiting
Muscle or body aches
Fatigue or weakness
Abdominal pain or diarrhea

If you have these symptoms and have traveled to or live in an area where malaria is common, please consult a qualified healthcare professional for evaluation.

Causes

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
Risk factors include living in or traveling to malaria-endemic areas and exposure to mosquitoes at night.
Not using protective measures such as insecticide-treated nets or repellents increases risk.
Pregnant people, young children, and individuals with reduced immunity are more susceptible.
If you have fever or flu-like symptoms after travel or in an endemic area, consult a qualified healthcare professional for evaluation and prevention guidance.

Treatment Options

Malaria treatment depends on the parasite species, illness severity, and local drug resistance, and is usually started promptly after diagnosis.
For uncomplicated malaria, oral antimalarial medicines are commonly used; severe malaria requires hospital care with intravenous therapy.
Supportive care includes fever management, fluids, nutrition, and monitoring for complications such as anemia or organ involvement.
In relapsing forms (like P. vivax or P. ovale), additional steps may be taken to prevent relapse after the initial infection.
Lifestyle and prevention—sleeping under insecticide-treated nets, using repellents, and seeking medical advice for travel prophylaxis—play a role during treatment and recovery, and always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personal decisions.