Alzheimer's Disease
Description
Alzheimer's disease is a brain condition that gradually affects memory, thinking, and the ability to carry out daily activities. It is not a normal part of aging, and the symptoms usually become more noticeable over time. Early on, people may forget recent events, have trouble finding the right words, or misplace things, while later on they may need more help with daily tasks and decision-making. The pace and pattern of change can vary from person to person, and the disease can last several years. If you notice changes in memory or thinking in yourself or a loved one, please speak with a qualified healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and guidance.
Common Symptoms
Memory loss that disrupts daily life
Difficulty planning or solving problems
Trouble completing familiar tasks
Confusion about time or place
Difficulty understanding visual images or spatial relationships
New problems with words in speaking or writing
Misplacing things and losing the ability to retrace steps
If you notice these symptoms, please consult a qualified healthcare professional
Causes
Alzheimer's disease risk increases with age, especially after age 65.
Genetic factors, including a family history or gene variants like APOE-e4, can raise risk.
Vascular and lifestyle factors—high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity—are linked to higher risk.
Lower education, reduced cognitive engagement, head injuries, and sleep disorders are also associated with greater risk.
It is a multifactorial condition with no single cause; if you're concerned, consult a qualified healthcare professional for personal guidance.
Treatment Options
Lifestyle approaches emphasize staying mentally and physically active, eating a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, managing vascular risk factors, and staying socially engaged.
Medications commonly used to help with symptoms include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (such as donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine) and the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine; these are prescribed by clinicians and are not cures.
Non-drug interventions and procedures include cognitive training, memory aids, occupational therapy, home safety assessments, caregiver education, and comprehensive, multidisciplinary care planning.
Ongoing medical follow-up helps monitor progression, adjust care, manage other health conditions, and discuss planning for the future.
If you or a loved one is experiencing possible dementia symptoms, consult a qualified healthcare professional for a personalized plan and guidance.